Chloroquine
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| Pronunciation | /ˈklɔːrəkwɪn/ |
| Trade names | Aralen, others |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
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| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Metabolism | Liver |
| Elimination half-life | 1–2 months |
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| ECHA InfoCard | 100.000.175  |
| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | C18H26ClN3 |
| Molar mass | 319.872 g/mol g·mol−1 |
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Chloroquine is a medication used to prevent and to treat malaria in areas where malaria is known to be sensitive to its effects. Certain types of malaria, resistant strains, and complicated cases typically require different or additional medication. It is also occasionally used for amebiasis that is occurring outside the intestines, rheumatoid arthritis, and lupus erythematosus. It is taken by mouth.
Common side effects include muscle problems, loss of appetite, diarrhea, and skin rash. Serious side effects include problems with vision, muscle damage, seizures, and low blood cell levels. It appears to be safe for use during pregnancy. Chloroquine is a member of the drug class 4-aminoquinoline. It works against the asexual form of malaria inside the red blood cell.
Chloroquine was discovered in 1934 by Hans Andersag. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, the safest and most effective medicines needed in a health system. It is available as a generic medication. The wholesale cost in the developing world is about US$0.04. In the United States, it costs about US$5.30 per dose.
In trials conducted in China, chloroquine appears to be useful for coronavirus disease 2019
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